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Cuccio, a Sicilian from Brooklyn, failed twice before he hit it big—first with a candy store, then a beer and beverage business. But at 25, he needed something to stick.

“Sometimes accidents happen or you’re in the right place at the right time,” Cuccio said during a recent interview with The School of Hard Knocks podcast.​

He and his wife, Roberta, set up a five-square-foot stand on Venice Beach, moving around $500 to $600 worth of makeup daily. At night, they’d hustle over to Westwood Boulevard, set up shop in front of an Hallenstein’s clothing store, and hope to catch the evening crowd.

The breakthrough came when customers started asking for wholesale terms. Cuccio needed a business name for an SRRA number to accept checks. “We said, I don’t know. And they said, Who owns it? I said, Stephen, Tony, and Roberta. That’s Star Nail,” he said. And so, Star Nail was born.​

Gel nails became the cornerstone of Star’s business. While scientists had created the chemistry decades earlier, Cuccio saw the commercial potential others missed.

“When I say I invented them, I want to clarify that for all your viewers because I’ve seen a lot of people say a scientist invented them in 1950. Gel nails were not popular until ’81. We put calcium, we put fiberglass in them, we made them more durable,” he said. “I marketed them and made hundreds of millions of dollars on gel nails.”​

Starting small

Cuccio’s business model revolved around growth and discipline. He started with $200, parlayed it to $1,000, and kept overhead minimal. For two years, the only money he took from the company was rent for his apartment. Everything else went back into inventory.

“I never took a line of credit from the bank. I never had a mortgage. I never borrowed money. I’ve never taken money out of a bank,” he said. “Banks are to put money in, not to take money out.”

Cuccio also set himself apart from the competition, which largely stayed domestic, by traveling to 90 countries starting in 1984—and financing his distributors himself. “I finance a lot of my 90 countries. So, I’m the bank. They call me BOC: Bank of Cuccio,” he said.

Brazil was his first target—and 24 years after opening a factory there, it’s now his most profitable market, generating about $15 million per year.​

Never taking venture capital or going public was also deliberate. “The only time you go public is when you need to scale really fast and it’s millions or billions of dollars and you have to hit something really quick,” he said.​

“I only sold one thing in my life. I never sold a product. I never sold a widget. I never sold a beauty product. I did seminars in 90 countries on how to make money,” he said. “If you make other people money, then you’ll make millions of dollars or a lot of money. The whole goal is to sell yourself.”​

Running an empire in his 70s

Now 71, Cuccio says he still arrives at work at 5 a.m. “It’s 95% perspiration and 5% luck,” he said in a recent TikTok. But, like his grandmother told him when he was young, “if you love what you do, you’ll never work a day in your life,” he said.

“I’m going to Dominican Republic at 71 years old next month. In the first two days, I’ll be working with my dealer with their people, teaching them how to scale their business personally,” he said.

The foundation of his empire rests on loyalty and mutual investment. About 41 years ago, Cuccio said he hired a 22-year-old woman and gave her 5% of the company when he sold. “What it did is it put golden handcuffs on her because people offered her a lot of money through the years, but she wanted that 5%. She now owns 14%. And without her, there’d be no company.”

Over four decades, Cuccio said he’s maintained a core group of employees with 30- and 40-year tenures. “Without good people, you can’t do it yourself. You can run the ship. You can make the calls. You can guide the direction to scale up, but somebody’s got to run your company,” he said.

Roberta, Cuccio’s wife of 48 years, has also been instrumental.

“If it wasn’t for my wife—I’ve been with my wife since I’m 12, so 58 years; married 48 years—I think I’d be in jail or dead,” he said.

The flip side of the loyalty coin

Yet, loyalty has limits. When hiring salespeople, Cuccio uses a single litmus test: commission or salary? “Anybody who wants a salary automatically gets thrown out of the interview because you didn’t ask me how much commission,” he said. “If I’m going to give you 90% commission, you wouldn’t know unless you asked.”​

Over the past 40 years, Cuccio said he’s hired more than 2,000 people. The hardest skill he’s developed is knowing when to cut ties. “If I know that they’re not a worker and I know they don’t want to make more money, I have to make the decision on the people that I know aren’t for you and aren’t loyal and aren’t willing to put the work in. The hardest thing is to cut them loose fast. And I do that without even thinking,” he said.​

“The most important thing I could teach young people is if somebody screws you in business or in life, just walk away,” he continued. “Don’t give them the opportunity.”​

From fake nails to real estate

Cuccio’s wealth extends far gel nails. He’s invested heavily in tax-free municipal bonds and industrial real estate—two vehicles he credits with generating the greatest returns.​

At 27, he learned about tax-free bonds from a successful entrepreneur and realized they offer guaranteed income with tax advantages. “I started with a million dollars and it’s up to 40 million. And all I did was keep rolling the tax-free bonds,” he said.

Cuccio’s realization about real estate came differently. A friend and business associate named Larry Petraelli asked him why he paid rent when he could own the building and pay himself. Cuccio took the advice to heart. “My last building I bought 22 years ago for 4 million. It’s worth 40 million,” he said.​

His philosophy on real estate is deceptively simple: Buy quality investment property with 50% down, never over-leverage, and never sell. “Your rent goes up. Your mortgage goes down and you give the buildings or the rental property to your kids. That’s why they call it real estate. Why would you sell it?” he said.​

For younger investors with time on their side, the advantage multiplies. Real estate markets typically cycle every seven to ten years—longer now after the 2008 financial crisis. “If you’re 25 years old, you’re going to go through at least six different cycles. So if you buy and hold, you’re going to go 6x because you have the time,” he said.

His preference for industrial properties—high-ceiling warehouses suited to e-commerce—reflects changing times. “When Amazon moved in, it went from $200 a square foot to $400 a square foot,” he said.​

Personal finance, retirement, and the money trap

Cuccio has become an unlikely advocate for personal finance education. He started IRAs for 90 of his employees, lending them $7,000 on Jan. 2 each year and deducting small amounts from their paychecks over time. “One girl is with me 25 years. She’s a Mexican girl. She has $200,000 in it,” he said.​

For those under $250,000 in annual income, Roth IRAs offer an exceptional advantage: Contributions come off the top of gross earnings, lowering taxable income, and growth compounds tax-free until age 65. “The government’s saying to you, kid, I’m going to let you put $7,000 in. I’m going to give you $3,000 back. I’m going to let you make interest until you’re 65. And then I’m going to let you take it out with no taxes. And you say, I don’t have the money. Find the money. Borrow the money,” he said.​

For the first 60 years of his life, Cuccio said he equated money with success. He stayed in budget hotels and skimped on everything, believing more wealth would satisfy him. It didn’t.

“I realized one thing about money. I thought it was God,” he said. “Don’t do what I did.”​

Now, Cuccio sees money differently. “The only time money is important is when you don’t have it. When my mother would cry because the refrigerator broke and she didn’t have $300 to get a new refrigerator, that’s when money was important,” he said. He kept a 50-year promise to his mother: whenever he could afford first class, he’d send her the difference.

“It gave me more gratification to help my mother,” he said.​

You can watch Cuccio’s full interview with The School of Hard Knocks below:

For this story, Fortune used generative AI to help with an initial draft. An editor verified the accuracy of the information before publishing.

KISS co-founder and co-lead singer Gene Simmons will testify before the US Senate Judiciary Committee’s Intellectual Property Subcommittee on December 9 in support of legislation that would require radio stations to pay performers when their music airs.

musicFIRST, a coalition founded in 2007 “to ensure music creators get fair pay for their work on all platforms,” said the hearing marks the first time since 2009 that the Senate has examined legislation that would close what supporters call the “radio loophole” and require radio companies to properly compensate artists for playing their recordings.

Simmons, who will receive Kennedy Center Honors with KISS this Sunday (December 7), will testify with Michael Huppe, President and CEO of SoundExchange, the nonprofit that collects and distributes digital streaming royalties.

Senator Marsha Blackburn, a Tennessee Republican, and Representative Darrell Issa, a California Republican, reintroduced the American Music Fairness Act, described as “a bipartisan bill that establishes a performance right for sound recordings broadcast by terrestrial (AM/FM) radio.”

The legislation secured support from the Recording Academy and the musicFIRST coalition.

“I look forward to meeting with both Republican and Democratic Senators to discuss why this legislation is crucial for thousands of present and future American recording artists.”

Gene Simmons, KISS

Simmons said: “Having spent my career in the music and entertainment industry, I understand the vital importance of this issue. The American Music Fairness Act represents sound public policy. Artists must be properly compensated for their creative work. I look forward to meeting with both Republican and Democratic Senators to discuss why this legislation is crucial for thousands of present and future American recording artists.”

While streaming platforms like Spotify and Apple Music, as well as satellite radio and internet radio pay performers royalties, traditional radio stations “use the music of hard-working performers and producers without compensating them for their work” due to a loophole in the existing bill, the Recording Academy has said.

When the bill was reintroduced earlier this year, Rep. Issa said: “Now is the time for the United States to finally adopt the proven global standard of compensating our artists for music broadcast over the radio.”

Senator Blackburn said: “The United States is the only democratic country in the world in which artists are not paid for the use of their music on AM and FM radio. This legislation would close an outdated loophole that has allowed corporate broadcasters to take advantage of artists and their songs for decades.”

musicFIRST noted that big radio corporations made $13.6 billion last year in advertising revenue.

“The United States is the only democratic country in the world in which artists are not paid for the use of their music on AM and FM radio.”

Marsha Blackburn, US Senator

The American Music Fairness Act has attracted backing from more than 300 artists who wrote to Congressional leaders in February. That coalition includes performers across genres who argue the current system “robbed us from being paid on terrestrial radio for decades.”

Country music singer Randy Travis testified before the House last year in support of the measure.

“Now is the time for the United States to finally adopt the proven global standard of compensating our artists for music broadcast over the radio.”

Darrell ISSA, US Representative

Community broadcasters —  including the Alliance for Community Media, Common Frequency, Media Alliance, the National Federation of Community Broadcasters (NFCB), Prometheus Radio Project, and REC Networks — have also endorsed the legislation.

SoundeExchange’s Huppe said: “I’m pleased for the opportunity to testify before the Senate next week. Recording artists are an essential part of our culture. It’s outrageous that, in 2025, they still are not paid fairly for the work they do. I hope that the Senate will remedy this inequity and act swiftly to pass this important legislation.”

While the bill’s proponents argue that AM/FM radio “refuses to pay performers for their work,” performance rights organization BMI in August declared that its latest agreement with radio broadcasters included its “largest rate increase ever” for royalties paid on music played on the air in the US.

“Recording artists are an essential part of our culture. It’s outrageous that, in 2025, they still are not paid fairly for the work they do.”

Michael Huppe, SoundExchange

According to documents filed with the US District Court for the Southern District of New York in August, AM/FM radio stations will pay a headline rate of 2.14% of their gross revenue for a blanket license to play songs represented by BMI for 2022 and 2023, rising gradually to 2.20% for 2026-2029.

Given that the previous agreement between BMI and the radio stations represented by the Radio Music License Committee (RMLC) set a blanket fee rate of 1.78% for the 2017-2021 period, that means there will ultimately be a 23.6% increase in the rate radio stations pay for playing BMI-represented music on the air, MBW reported earlier.

Music Business Worldwide