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PotlatchDeltic Corp Form 8K Filed on December 5th

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Form 8K PotlatchDeltic Corp For: 5 December

What European countries require mandatory or voluntary military service?

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Patrick Jacksonand

Emma Brancatisano

Reuters Male and female soldiers stand with guns in a field, wearing camouflage with the German flag stitched on their upper arms.Reuters

Recruits on live-fire exercises in Ahlen, Germany, last month

Some of Europe’s biggest Nato members are moving to strengthen their professional armies through voluntary national service schemes.

Large conscripted armies were a feature of Nato states during the Cold War but they dwindled in size after the collapse of the Soviet Union.

However, Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022 and the ongoing war there have kindled fears of a possible future Russian attack on Nato.

Here we look at how this new recruitment drive is playing out among Nato’s 30 European member states, many of whom still have conscript armies.

Who conscripts?

Conscription is in place for nine of Europe’s Nato states: Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden and Turkey.

In Turkey, which has the second largest military in the security alliance after the US, men between the ages of 20 and 41 are obliged to do military service for between six and 12 months.

By comparison, Norway conscripts both men and women, generally for 12 months.

Croatia plans to reintroduce conscription next year – it will become mandatory for men aged 19 to 29 to undergo two months of basic military training.

Other Nato members do not conscript but have professional militaries.

The UK, which rivals France or Germany in conventional military strength (and is the only Nato state in Europe along with France to have nuclear weapons), relies on a professional army.

It is unique among Nato members for recruiting minors – 16-year-olds may join with parental consent.

Albania, Czechia, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain also have professional militaries.

Iceland has no regular military forces, though its Coast Guard performs some defence tasks.

Map showing which Nato countries in Europe have national military service. It shows those with compulsory service in red (Greece, Turkey, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania), with Croatia which is planning to bring it in a lighter red, those with a voluntary service in blue (Belgium, Bulgaria, Poland, The Netherlands), with France, Germany and Romania which are planning to bring it in coloured a paler blue and those with no military service in yellow (Albania, Czech Republic, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, United Kingdom). It notes some countries have different rules for men and women.

Who is looking for volunteers?

Only this month, Belgium‘s defence ministry sent letters to 17-year-olds inviting them to volunteer for about €2,000 a month.

The voluntary military service scheme, due to start next year, aims to raise the number of reservists in the army from a pool of about 6,000 to 20,000.

Belgium’s neighbour, the Netherlands, launched voluntary military service in 2023 as it sought to underpin its professional armed forces.

Poland, which has one of Nato’s biggest armies, launched one-month voluntary basic military training in 2024. This year, Prime Minister Donald Tusk announced plans to introduce “large-scale military training for every adult male” in the country.

“We’re talking about the need to have an army of half a million in Poland, including the reservists,” he said.

In 2020, Bulgaria introduced voluntary military service for citizens up to the age of 40 for a period of six months and Romania plans to bring in four-month voluntary military service next year.

How does Germany plan to build ‘Europe’s strongest army’?

Germany ended compulsory military service in 2011.

Its parliament has now voted in favour of instating military service on a voluntary basis. If the security situation worsens or if too few volunteers came forward, a form of compulsory military service could be considered.

The new law will require all 18-year-old men to fill in a questionnaire asking if they are willing and able to join the armed forces, and from July 2027, undergo a medical examination to establish their suitability.

If war were to break out, the military would be able to draw on the questionnaires and medical exams for potential recruits.

Chancellor Friedrich Merz has said he wants to create the “strongest conventional army in Europe”.

The plan is to expand the armed forces from the current 183,000 active service personnel to 260,000 by 2035 – plus 200,000 reservists.

Students in about 90 cities across the country took part in a school strike on 5 December in protest against the move, with some using the slogan “Don’t end up as cannon fodder”.

A recent Forsa survey of German public opinion for Stern magazine suggested that while just over half of respondents favoured compulsory service, opposition rose to 63% among 18 to 29-year-olds.

“I don’t want to be part of this war machine”: Young Germans protest against military service plans

What are French teenagers being offered?

France, which abolished military conscription 25 years ago, currently has around 200,000 military personnel and a further 47,000 reservists.

A new scheme envisages adding volunteers to the structure.

Young men and women will be invited to serve for 10 months of paid military training.

This new “national service” will be brought in gradually from next summer, mainly for 18 and 19-year-olds, who will receive at least €800 (£700) a month.

Initially, numbers will be restricted to 3,000 next year, but this should rise to 50,000 by 2035.

“The only way to avoid danger is to prepare for it,” President Emmanuel Macron said while announcing the plan. “We need to mobilise, mobilising the nation to defend itself, to be ready and remain respected.”

Polls suggest a large majority of the public favour voluntary military service. An Elabe survey found that 73% supported the measure. Young people – aged 25-34 – were the least supportive, but even in this age group there was a 60% majority.

What about the rest of Europe?

Europe’s other states take various approaches to staffing their militaries.

Among EU states not belonging to Nato:

  • Austria has a system of compulsory military service for men aged between 18 and 35, who are required to serve for around six months or take part in alternative service. Women can serve voluntarily
  • Cyprus has compulsory military service for all male citizens over 18, along with some of those who are of Cypriot descent. Women can enlist voluntarily after a law passed parliament in April
  • Both the Republic of Ireland and Malta have professional militaries

In Switzerland, a non-EU country, male citizens aged 18 to 30 must serve in the military, or join civil defence or an alternate civilian service.

Last week, Swiss voters widely rejected a proposal to extend national service – in the military, civil protection teams or other forms – to women.

Live Recap of Day 3 Prelims at the 2025 U.S. Open

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By James Sutherland on SwimSwam

2025 U.S. OPEN

  • December 3-6, 2025
  • Austin, Texas
  • Lee and Joe Jamail Texas Swimming Center
    • Prelims: 10 a.m. EST
    • Finals: 7 p.m EST (Day 1: 5 p.m. EST)
  • LCM (50 meters)
  • Meet Central
  • Psych Sheets
  • Live Results

The third day of the 2025 U.S. Open gets underway this morning with preliminary heats in the 200 free, 400 IM and the three stroke 100s for both genders.

The morning kicks off with a star-studded field in the women’s 100 fly, where three of the best swimmers on the planet, Gretchen WalshRegan Smith and Summer McIntosh, will all race, with Walsh, the current world record holder, and McIntosh, the world record holder in three other events, going head-to-head.

Smith is also the top seed later in the session in the 100 back, while McIntosh is entered in the 100 breast, where reigning world champion Kate Douglass holds the top seed.

The men’s 100 fly is also stacked, with Ilya KharunShaine Casas and Hubert Kos owning the top three seeds, while superstars Caeleb Dressel and Leon Marchand lurk down on the psych sheets. Kharun and Dressel will race in the sixth and final heat, while Casas and Marchand will be in Heat 5 and Kos headlines Heat 4.

McIntosh and Marchand also hold entries in the 100 breast and 100 back, and neither has scratched either of them this morning. Last night, both marveled in the 400 free, with McIntish winning the women’s race with the second-fastest swim ever in 3:55.37, and Marchand setting a massive personal best of 3:44.70 for a U.S. Open meet record.

Smith and Kos are the top seeds in the 100 back, Emma Weyant and Bobby Finke lead the way in the 400 IM, and the 200 free is paced by Erin Gemmell and Luke Hobson.

WOMEN’S 100 FLY – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 54.60, Gretchen Walsh (USA) – 2025
  • U.S. Open Record: 54.60, Gretchen Walsh (USA) – 2025
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 56.21, Torri Huske (USA) – 2023

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Gretchen Walsh (NYAC), 56.64
  2. Regan Smith (TXLA), 57.19
  3. Alex Shackell (CSC), 57.81
  4. Summer McIntosh (TXLA), 57.92
  5. Marie Wattel (SUN), 58.70
  6. Isabella Boyd (SVA), 58.95
  7. Leah Shackley (NCS), 59.25
  8. Campbell Stoll (TEX), 59.43

Gretchen Walsh looked dominant in the heats of the women’s 100 fly, as the world record holder used her drop-dead speed and outstanding underwaters to cruise to the fastest time of the morning in 56.64, taking over the top spot in the world rankings.

The swim for Walsh moves her past Japan’s Mizuki Hirai (56.70) for #1 in the world in the 2025-26 season, and is notably faster than she was the last time she raced the U.S. Open in 2023, where she was 56.85 in the final.

Summer McIntosh raced alongside Walsh in the final heat, posting a time of 57.92 to advance 4th overall into the final. The time matches the second-fastest swim of her career, with her PB sitting at 57.19 from April 2024.

McIntosh’s Longhorn Aquatics teammate Regan Smith was smooth in leading the penultimate heat in 57.19, ranking her 4th in the world this season and moving her 2nd into the final, while Carmel’s Alex Shackell won the first circle-seeded heat in 57.81 to qualify in 4th.

France’s Marie Wattel (58.70) and Australian Isabella Boyd (58.95) add some international flair to the final, advancing 5th and 6th overall, while Alex Walsh was a notable no-show.

MEN’S 100 FLY – PRELIMS

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Shaine Casas (TXLA), 50.78
  2. Ilya Kharun (UN-AZ), 50.91
  3. Dare Rose (SCAR), 51.60
  4. Caeleb Dressel (SJAC), 51.77
  5. Leon Marchand (TXLA), 51.81
  6. Bjoern Kammann (TNAQ), 51.94
  7. Hubert Kos (TXLA) / Aiden Hayes (NCS), 52.30

Shaine Casas and Ilya Kharun threw down back-to-back sub-51 swims to lead a hotly contested prelim in the men’s 100 fly.

Casas roared to victory over teammate Leon Marchand in the penultimate heat, clocking 50.78 to break his own U.S. Open meet record of 51.03 set in 2023. The swim also moves Casas into #1 in the world this season, overtaking Aussie Matt Temple (50.92).

The swim stands up as the sixth sub-51 performance of Casas’ career, with his personal best standing at 50.40 from July 2022.

Marchand touched 2nd in the heat in 51.81, lowering his previous best of 52.42 to qualify 5th into the final.

In the last heat, Kharun answered Casas by blasting to a time of 50.91, delivering the only sub-27 second 50 (26.88) on the way as he qualifies 2nd for the final and moves to #2 in the world this season.

Dare Rose touched 2nd in 51.60, good for 3rd overall, while Caeleb Dressel delivered his fastest swim since the Paris Olympics in 51.77 to qualify in 4th. Dressel had only raced the 100 fly twice since the 2024 Olympics, clocking 53.11 and then 52.33 in July at the Florida Senior Championships.

  • Dressel’s Splits: 24.42/27.35

Tennessee’s Bjoern Kammann topped the first circle-seeded heat in 51.94 to make the final in 6th. The German native set a PB of 51.70 this past summer en route to winning silver at the World University Games.

Owen McDonald was disqualified for a false start after initially posting a time in the 52-mid range.

WOMEN’S 400 IM – PRELIMS

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Mary-Sophie Harvey (CAN), 4:40.98
  2. Emma Weyant (GSC), 4:43.45
  3. Tara Kinder (SVA), 4:44.70
  4. Sadie Buckley (NCAP), 4:47.89
  5. Rosie Murphy (UCLA), 4:49.86
  6. Ieva Maluka (ABSC), 4:51.31
  7. Emma Finlin (OSU), 4:52.38
  8. Emma Cigna (NCAP), 4:53.92

Mary-Sophie Harvey rolled to a seven-second victory in the second of three heats in the women’s 400 IM to claim the top seed for tonight’s final by a wide margin.

The 26-year-old Canadian had the field’s fastest fly split (1:02.59) and never looked back, soaring to a time of 4:40.98 for the 11th-fastest of her career to move into 12th in the world this season. She most recently raced the 400 IM in short course meters during the World Cup in October, setting a best time of 4:24.25 during the Toronto leg.

Nation’s Capital’s Sadie Buckley, 16, put up a time of 4:47.89 to touch 2nd in the heat, ultimately earning her the #4 seed for the final. Buckley was just over two and a half seconds shy of her personal best of 4:45.21.

Emma Weyant, who has won back-to-back Olympic medals in this event, pulled away from Australian Tara Kinder in the final heat to claim the 2nd seed for the final in 4:43.45, with Kinder close behind in 4:44.70.

This is Weyant’s first competition since the World Championships in Singapore this past summer, where she placed 5th in the 400 IM.

UCLA’s Rosie Murphy had a noteworthy swim of 4:49.86, marking her first time sub-4:50 as she lowers her previous best of 4:50.46 set this past July.

MEN’S 400 IM – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 4:02.50, Leon Marchand (FRA) – 2023
  • U.S. Open Record: 4:05.25, Michael Phelps (USA) – 2008
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 4:10.09, Chase Kalisz (USA) – 2022

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Carson Foster (UN-MR), 4:15.19
  2. Tristan Jankovics (OSU), 4:18.67
  3. Cooper Lucas (TEX), 4:18.74
  4. Luka Mijatovic (PLS), 4:19.45
  5. Tommy Bried (UOFL), 4:20.29
  6. Baylor Nelson (TEX), 4:20.37
  7. Ivan Puskovitch (TSM), 4:20.66
  8. Gregg Enoch (UOFL), 4:21.77

After opening up a big lead through the first 300, Carson Foster put it on cruise control during the free leg in the third heat of the men’s 400 IM, coasting to the top time of the morning by a wide margin.

Foster touched in 4:15.19, putting him more than three seconds clear of the next-fastest swimmer as he slots into 9th in the world rankings this season.

Future Texas swimmer Luka Mijatovic ran down current Longhorn Baylor Nelson to place 2nd in the heat in a time of 4:19.45, earning him the 4th seed for the final while Nelson’s 4:20.37 was good for 6th overall.

This is only Mijatovic’s third career swim under 4:20, having gone 4:16.18 and 4:16.75 in June at the U.S. National Championships.

In the final heat, Ohio State’s Tristan Jankovics did just enough to hold off Texas’ Cooper Lucas for the victory, as they posted respective times of 4:18.67 and 4:18.74 to qualify 2nd and 3rd overall. In the 2025 NCAA ‘A’ final, Jankovics was 2nd and Lucas was 6th.

Louisville’s Tommy Bried, 15th at NCAAs last season, was 3rd in the heat in 4:20.29, good for 5th overall.

Team Santa Monica’s Ivan Puskovitch used a big freestyle split to win Heat 2 in a personal best of 4:20.66, qualifying him for the final in 7th. Puksovitch’s previous best stood at 4:22.53, set back in 2019.

Surprisingly missing the ‘A’ final was the top seed coming in, Bobby Finke, who ended up 9th overall in 4:22.01.

WOMEN’S 100 BREAST – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 1:04.13, Lilly King (USA) – 2017
  • U.S. Open Record: 1:04.45, Jessica Hardy (USA) – 2009
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 1:04.45, Jessica Hardy (USA) – 2009
  • Texas Pool Record: 1:06.30, Lydia Jacoby

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Kate Douglass (NYAC), 1:06.57
  2. Mona McSharry (TNAQ), 1:07.07
  3. Alexanne Lepage (CAN), 1:07.44
  4. Aliz Kalmar (FRES), 1:08.04
  5. Mackenzie Lung (FRES), 1:08.48
  6. Alex Walsh (NYAC), 1:08.66
  7. Piper Enge (TEX), 1:09.09
  8. Skyler Smith (NCAC), 1:09.13

Reigning World Championship silver medalist Kate Douglass paced the field in the women’s 100 breaststroke, clocking 1:06.57 to lead the way into the final as the only swimmer sub-1:07.

Douglass’ swim moves her into 4th in the 2025-26 world rankings, and is notably nearly as fast as she was in the prelims at the 2025 World Championships (1:06.32) where she set a PB of 1:05.27 en route to silver in the final.

Ireland’s Mona McSharry, who was 11th in the 100 breast at the 2025 Worlds after winning bronze at the Paris Olympics, put up a time of 1:07.07 to advance 2nd into the final, while Canada’s Alexanne Lepage was the only other swimmer in the field under 1:08 in 1:07.44 for 3rd overall.

Fresno State put two swimmers into the top five, with seniors Aliz Kalmar and Mackenzie Lung posting respective times of 1:08.04 and 1:08.48, with Lung’s swim representing a new personal best by nearly a second, while Kalmar was only 13 one-hundredths shy of her PB.

Alex Walsh topped the first circle-seeded heat in 1:08.66, which ended up being good for 6th overall into the final.

Gabrielle Rose, 48, had a solid showing in 1:09.57 to narrowly miss the ‘A’ final in 9th.

Summer McIntosh, coming off her swim in the 100 fly, clocked 1:11.05 to claim the last lane in the ‘B’ final in 16th. Her PB stands at 1:10.39, set in February 2023.

MEN’S 100 BREAST – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 56.88, Adam Peaty (GBR) – 2019
  • U.S. Open Record: 58.14, Michael Andrew (USA) – 2021
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 59.28, Andrew Wilson (USA) – 2019

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Alexei Avakov (IU), 59.99
  2. Campbell McKean (TEX), 1:00.19
  3. Nate Germonprez (TEX), 1:00.34
  4. Jack Kelly (UN), 1:00.41
  5. Luke Barr (TFA), 1:00.54
  6. Josh Matheny (ISC), 1:00.57
  7. Denis Petrashov (CARD), 1:00.70
  8. Noah Cakir (IU), 1:00.85

Tonight’s ‘A’ final of the men’s 100 breaststroke could act as a preview of sorts of the NCAA final in three months’ time, as the top three qualifiers out of the prelims are all currently racing collegiately, two from Texas.

However, leading the way was Indiana’s Alexei Avakov, who is coming off a breakout summer where he posted a big personal best of 59.65 in the 100 breast to win the event at the U.S. Summer Championships in August.

This morning, Avakov was the lone swimmer to break the 1:00 barrier in 59.99, splitting 28.49/31.50 for the second-fastest swim of his career as he moves into 9th in the world this season.

Avakov won the final heat over Texas junior Nate Germonprez, who currently leads the NCAA rankings in the 100 breast after clocking 49.71 at last month’s Texas Hall of Fame Invite.

Germonprez clocked 1:00.34, the fourth-fastest swim of his career, to advance 3rd into the final.

His freshman teammate with the Longhorns, Campbell McKean, overtook Indiana’s Luke Barr coming home in the penultimate heat to clock 1:00.19 and advance 2nd overall into the final, representing the fifth-fastest swim of his career.

McKean currently ranks #2 in the NCAA behind Germonprez at 50.37, while Avakov sits 11th (51.37).

Jack Kelly, the former Brown star who is now training as a pro at Texas, was fourth-fastest this morning in 1:00.41 to advance 4th into the final, whille Barr’s personal best of 1:00.54 was good for 5th.

Leon Marchand narrowly missed out on the ‘A’ final in 9th, clocking 1:00.98, as Indiana freshman Noah Cakir snagged the 8th spot in 1:00.85.

WOMEN’S 100 BACK – PRELIMS

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Regan Smith (TXLA), 58.73
  2. Katharine Berkoff (WOLF), 59.40
  3. Phoebe Bacon (WISC), 59.78
  4. Ingrid Wilm (CAN), 1:00.25
  5. Leah Shackley (NCS), 1:00.27
  6. Erika Pelaez (NCS), 1:00.34
  7. Summer McIntosh (TXLA), 1:00.80
  8. Mary-Sophie Harvey (CAN), 1:00.92

Regan Smith made it look easy as she usually does in the heats of the women’s 100 back, putting up a time of 58.73 to lead the field into tonight’s ‘A’ final by nearly seven-tenths of a second.

Smith, who tied the world record in short course meters in October, takes over the top spot in the world rankings with this swim, moving past Canada’s Ingrid Wilm, who went 59.36 last weekend at the Japan Open.

Wilm was racing this morning alongside Katharine Berkoff in Heat 4, with Berkoff winning in 59.40 for the #2 seed into the final and Wilm’s 1:00.25 being good for 4th.

Phoebe Bacon touched 2nd behind Smith in the fifth and final heat in 59.78, advancing in 3rd, while NC State teammates Leah Shackley (1:00.27) and Erika Pelaez (1:00.34) went 1-2 in the first circle-seeded heat to qualify in 5th and 6th.

Racing for the third time this morning, Summer McIntosh unleashed a time of 1:00.80 from out in Lane 1 in Heat 2, having been entered with a yards time, to qualify for the ‘A’ final in 7th. The 19-year-old owns a PB of 59.64, set in February 2024.

Also on a tough turnaround was McIntosh’s fellow Canadian, Mary-Sophie Harvey, who was the fastest woman in the 400 IM earlier this morning and came back with a strong swim of 1:00.92 in the 100 back, making her way into the ‘A’ final by six one-hundredths over Alabama’s Cadence Vincent (1:00.98). That swim puts Harvey within 76 one-hundredths of her PB set in 2021 (1:00.16).

MEN’S 100 BACK – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 51.60, Thomas Ceccon (ITA) – 2022
  • U.S. Open Record: 51.94, Aaron Peirsol (USA) – 2009
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 52.51, Nick Thoman (USA) – 2009

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Hubert Kos (TXLA), 53.30
  2. Ivan Tarasov (AU) / Blake Tierney (CAN), 53.70
  3. Henry Allan (SVA), 53.77
  4. Daniel Diehl (NCS), 54.19
  5. Hudson Williams (NCS), 54.63
  6. Tommy Hagar (BAMA), 54.65
  7. Joe Hayburn (LOYO), 54.90

Hungarian Hubert Kos put up a time of 53.30 to lead the men’s 100 back in this morning’s prelims, with the field a bit more competitive than usual with the addition of some international names.

Kos, the newly minted world record holder in short course meters and the fastest man ever in yards, slots into #2 in the world rankings this season with this performance, with only China’s Xu Jiayu (52.39) the only man having been faster since Sept. 1.

In Heat 1, Auburn freshman Ivan Tarasov, a Russian native, blasted a time of 53.70 for a new personal best, shattering his previous mark of 54.42 set in the summer of 2024. Tarasov was entered with his yards PB of 46.17.

Canada’s Blake Tierney then matched that time in the first circle-seeded heat to move into the final deadlocked with Tarasov in 2nd overall. Tierney was three-quarters of a second shy of the Canadian Record he set this past summer at the World Championships (52.95).

In Heat 4, Australian Henry Allan joined the sub-54 group in 53.77, just four one-hundredths shy of his lifetime best set at the Australian Age Group Championships this past April.

NC State’s Daniel Diehl was the fastest American of the morning in 54.19, good for 5th overall.

Cal pro Destin Lasco was notably back in 16th in 55.82, while Leon Marchand, racing for the third time this morning, clocked 56.87 for 25th place.

Racing in the final heat alongside Kos, Virginia’s Jack Aikins was disqualified for having his toes over the edge on the start.

Shaine Casas, after leading the field in the 100 fly prelims, was a no-show.

WOMEN’S 200 FREE – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 1:52.23, Ariarne Titmus (AUS) – 2024
  • U.S. Open Record: 1:54.13, Summer McIntosh (CAN) – 2023
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 1:54.20, Siobhan Haughey (HKG) – 2023

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Anna Peplowski (ISC), 1:58.19
  2. Simone Manuel (TXLA), 1:58.43
  3. Liberty Clark (IU), 1:58.81
  4. Erin Gemmell (TEX), 1:59.49
  5. Erin Little (OSU), 1:59.70
  6. Chloe Stepanek (LIAC), 1:59.72
  7. Inez Miller (TEX), 2:00.00
  8. Daria Golovaty (UOFL), 2:00.75

Indiana pro Anna Peplowski inched out IU freshman Liberty Clark in the third heat of the women’s 200 free to earn the top seed for tonight’s final, while Longhorn Aquatics’ Simone Manuel joined them under 1:59 from the heat prior.

Manuel won Heat 2 in a time of 1:58.43, pulling ahead of LIAC’s Chloe Stepanek (1:59.72) on the back half, and then Peplowski and Clark answered with a pair of quick swims in the next heat.

Peplowski and Clark went out fast–they were the only two swimmers in the field to flip under 57 seconds at the 100–and then Peplowski narrowly out-split her on both 50s coming home to touch first in 1:58.19, overtaking Manuel for the morning’s top time.

Clark was close behind in 1:58.81, shattering her previous personal best of 2:00.84 by more than two seconds. Clark, who has been having a phenomenal freshman year thus far with the Hoosiers, moves into a tie for 38th all-time in the girls’ 17-18 age group.

Texas’ Erin Gemmell then took control of the final heat, touching first in 1:59.49 to qualify 4th overall, while freshman teammate Inez Miller hit the touchpad in 2:00.00 on the nose to advance in 7th.

Notably on the outside looking in of the top eight were Alex Shackell (2:01.40) and Alex Walsh (2:01.60), sitting 10th and 11th overall. Phoebe Bacon was also in the water just minutes after racing the 100 back, placing 17th in 2:02.85.

MEN’S 200 FREE – PRELIMS

  • World Record: 1:42.00, Paul Biedermann (GER) – 2009
  • U.S. Open Record: 1:43.73, Luke Hobson (USA) – 2025
  • U.S. Open Meet Record: 1:45.92, Townley Haas (USA) / Rafael Miroslaw (GER) – 2019 / 2023

‘A’ Final Qualifiers: 

  1. Chris Guiliano (TXLA), 1:45.91
  2. Luke Hobson (TXLA), 1:46.25
  3. Aaron Shackell (IU), 1:46.61
  4. Kieran Smith (RAC), 1:47.20
  5. Patrick Sammon (UN), 1:47.40
  6. Tomas Navikonis (OSU), 1:47.41
  7. Gabriel Jett (CAL), 1:47.60
  8. Kaique Alves (BAMA), 1:48.21

Chris Guiliano outduelled Texas teammate Luke Hobson in the final heat of the men’s 200 free en route to breaking the U.S. Open meet record and coming just over half a second shy of his personal best.

Guiliano, 22, had the advantage over Hobson on the first and last 50s, leading to him touching first in a time of 1:45.91 to break the meet record of 1:45.92 first set by Townley Haas in 2019 and then matched by Rafael Miroslaw in 2023.

For Guiliano, the swim puts him just 53 one-hundredths shy of his lifetime best of 1:45.38, set at the 2024 U.S. Olympic Trials, and ranks him 5th in the world so far this season.

Hobson, the U.S. Open Record holder (U.S. soil), put up a time of 1:46.25 to advance 2nd into the final, setting up an exciting showdown tonight between the two training partners.

Indiana’s Aaron Shackell had an impressive swim from the first circle-seeded heat in 1:46.61, just 26 one-hundredths off his lifetime best to advance 3rd into the final. In that heat, Shackell gained six-tenths on Kieran Smith on the first 50 and then the two swimmers had near-identical splits the rest of the way, with Smith ultimately clocking 1:47.20 for 4th overall.

In Heat 5, two 2025 U.S. World Championship team members, Patrick Sammon and Gabriel Jett, duelled it out, with Sammon running him down on the last 50 to touch in 1:47.40, advancing 5th into the final with Jett 7th in 1:47.60.

Cal’s Jack Alexy, who rarely races the 200 free in long course meters (using it to get an official split in the 50 or 100 free in his most recent swims), posted a massive personal best of 1:48.38 from Heat 1, ultimately earning him 11th in the prelims and just 17 one-hundredths shy of the ‘A’ final. Alexy’s previous best stood at 1:53.44, set back in August 2018.

Read the full story on SwimSwam: 2025 U.S. Open: Day 3 Prelims Live Recap

Construction workers are making up to 30% more during the data center boom

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Big Tech’s AI arms race is fueling a massive investment surge in data centers with construction worker labor valued at a premium. 

Despite some concerns of an AI bubble, data center hyperscalers like Google, Amazon, and Meta continue to invest heavily into AI infrastructure. In effect, construction workers’ salaries are being inflated to satisfy a seemingly insatiable AI demand, experts tell Fortune.

In 2026 alone, upwards of $100 billion could be invested by tech companies into the data center buildout in the U.S., Raul Martynek, the CEO of DataBank, a company that contracts with tech giants to construct data centers, told Fortune.

In November, Bank of Americaestimated global hyperscale spending is rising 67% in 2025 and another 31% in 2026, totaling a massive $611 billion investment for the AI buildout in just two years.

Given the high demand, construction workers are experiencing a pay bump for data center projects.

Construction projects generally operate on tight margins, with clients being very cost-conscious, Fraser Patterson, CEO of Skillit, an AI-powered hiring platform for construction workers, told Fortune.

But some of the top 50 contractors by size in the country have seen their revenue double in a 12-month period based on data center construction, which is allowing them to pay their workers more, according to Patterson.

“Because of the huge demand and the nature of this construction work, which is fueling the arms race of AI… the budgets are not as tight,” he said. “I would say they’re a little more frothy.”

On Skillit, the average salary for construction projects that aren’t building data centers is $62,000, or $29.80 an hour, Patterson said. The workers that use the platform comprise 40 different trades and have a wide range of experience from heavy equipment operators to electricians, with eight years as the average years of experience.

But when it comes to data centers, the same workers make an average salary of $81,800 or $39.33 per hour, Patterson said, increasing salaries by just under 32% on average.

Some construction workers are even hitting the six-figure mark after their salaries rose for data center projects, according to The Wall Street Journal. And the data center boom doesn’t show any signs it’s slowing down anytime soon.

Tech companies like Google, Amazon, and Microsoft operate 522 data centers and are developing 411 more, according to The Wall Street Journal, citing data from Synergy Research Group. 

Patterson said construction workers are being paid more to work on building data centers in part due to condensed project timelines, which require complex coordination or machinery and skilled labor.

Projects that would usually take a couple of years to finish are being completed—in some instances—as quickly as six months, he said.

It is unclear how long the data center boom might last, but Patterson said it has in part convinced a growing number of Gen Z workers and recent college grads to choose construction trades as their career path.

“AI is creating a lot of job anxiety around knowledge workers,” Patterson said. “Construction work is, by definition, very hard to automate.”

“I think you’re starting to see a change in the labor market,” he added.

Introducing the JMGO O3 Compact Ultra Short Throw Laser Projector

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Until fairly recently, if you wanted to get a projector close to the wall or screen, the ultra-short-throw model you’d need would be something of a beast. China’s JMGO changed that in January with its compact O2S Ultra – and now the next in line has launched.

At the time of its CES 2025 debut, the O2S Ultra was being billed as the world’s smallest Laser TV – a term used to describe projector that can snuggle real close to a vertical surface such as a wall or screen while also throwing huge imagery up and out.

Setup and alignment tools are baked in for quick and easy setup

JMGO

The O3 looks to have even more compact dimensions – at 250 x 219 x 107 mm (9.8 x 8.5 x 4.2 in) – but will still have a larger footprint than LG’s CineBeam S picture box, though that model is a bit taller. JMGO’s new addition also weighs in heavier than the LG unit, at 2.4 kg (5.3 lb) versus 1.9 kg. However, the O3 and CineBeam go head-to-head on visual quality, both offering 1080p imagery.

The still available O2S Ultra is capable of 4K UHD resolution, so this new flavor is unlikely a replacement but more a new series member to offer consumers more choice. As such, the O3 is going to be a more budget-friendly UST solution for your smart entertainment needs – though at this stage it’s only available in China for CN¥3,749 (which converts to around US$530, but that may rise upon international release).

The O3 UST projector features a DLPC8424 chip for Full HD imagery, and a MALC tri-laser light source
The O3 UST projector features a DLPC8424 chip for Full HD imagery, and a MALC tri-laser light source

JMGO

So what’s on offer for that kind of money? The throw ratio is just 0.18:1, which means that the unit can produce 100-diagonal-inch visuals when positioned around 8 inches from the screen. The DLPC8424 projector is home to JMGO’s MALC 3.0 (Microstructure Adaptive Laser Control) triple-laser light source technology that puts out 1,400 ISO lumens.

The promo visuals clearly show the projector doing its thing in bright daylight scenarios. Though we can’t verify such performance without testing this unit ourselves, our experience with other laser projectors does suggest that the shadows will more likely be your friend here. The setup is reported to cover 110% of the BT.2020 color gamut while also being accurate to a Delta E value of less than one (the lower the value the better). Contrast shapes up at 10,000:1, and there’s motion compensation cooked in for sharper action scenes and gameplay.

AI is available to enhance black levels, and wall color adaptation should make it easier to set up in most spaces without breaking out the white emulsion and roller. Autofocus, keystone correction, fit-to-screen and resize for obstacle avoidance are on hand for ease of use too. DeepSeek AI is ready to assist with voice searches, wireless screen sharing is possible, and this model is said to be ready for integration into the Xiaomi smart home system.

There are two HDMI 2.1 ports included plus variable refresh
There are two HDMI 2.1 ports included plus variable refresh

JMGO

Gamers will appreciate the HDMI 2.1 ports and variable refresh rates up to 120 Hz, and streamers get Wi-Fi 6 for what will probably be Google TV when released globally but currently runs Bonfire OS on the company’s home turf.

Rounding out the key specs is a 20-watt sound system with JMGO Master Sound tuning, support for Dolby Audio and DTS:X decoding, and a healthy low-end response down to 40 Hz.

As mentioned, the JMGO O3 is currently available in China only for CN¥3,749, but there’s a good chance we’ll learn of release to wider markets in the coming months.

Product page: JMGO O3

India Gives Putin a Warm Welcome

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new video loaded: Putin Receives Warm Welcome in India

Prime Minister Narendra Modi of India praised his relationship with President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia after the two leaders held bilateral talks in New Delhi on Friday.

By Shawn Paik and Monika Cvorak

December 5, 2025

Report commissioned by ORCA reveals that nine indie labels invested $134 million in artists in 2023

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A new study from an industry group representing indie record labels has laid out the economics of the business.

The report from the Organization for Recorded Culture and Arts (ORCA) looked at the 2023 earnings of nine prominent indie labels: Alligator Records, Domino Recording Company, Hopeless Records, Ninja Tune, Partisan Records, Playground Music, Secret City Records, Secretly Group, and XL Recordings

It found that labels invested an average of $236,197 per artist in 2023, or about a third (33.5%) of their revenue. In total, they spent $134 million in support of 569 artists across different genres and geographies.

The participating labels generated $239 million in revenue, and distributed $79.9 million to artists. Looked at from the perspective of profit, the labels earned $1.77 for every dollar spent, and paid out $0.59 to artists, equivalent to 77% of their profit.

Of that $236,197 spent per artist, the largest share (46.8%) went towards organizational infrastructure and capacity. The share of label spending that went towards artist marketing, distribution and visibility support amounted to 36.4%. Artist creative development and production accounted for 9.6% of labels’ costs.


Source: ORCA

“This underscores the substantial contributions of the sector,” the report stated.

“If these numbers represent just nine labels, it follows that the global independent label sector, composed of thousands of businesses, contributes many times more in overall investment and economic impact.”

ORCA Executive Director Patrick Clifton said the report marks the first time that “real numbers” have been put to the “economic power of independent labels and the benefits this model delivers” for artists.

“Independent labels have always championed a long-term mindset, developing an artist over time, taking creative risks and nurturing new sounds that shape the music industry,” he said.

“Independent labels have always championed a long-term mindset, developing an artist over time, taking creative risks and nurturing new sounds that shape the music industry.”

Patrick Clifton, ORCA

“This report shows that, while new models for distribution and marketing are constantly emerging, the independent record label model continues to provide the expertise, resources, and support musicians need to reach ever-bigger audiences and develop sustainable careers,” added Anna Bond, Director of Planning and Initiatives at Secretly Distribution

Looking at sources of income, the report found that streaming accounted for the largest share of these indie labels’ revenues, at 59.5%, with physical sales at 25.9% – substantially higher than the music industry overall, which derives 16.4% of revenue from physical.

The indie labels also took in substantially more revenue from synch than the global average, with 7.4% coming from synch versus 2.2% for the industry overall.

The report also noted that artists signed to the nine labels an average 44% increase in Spotify followers between 2023 and 2025

The report looked at gender equity among indie labels, finding that among the nine labels, 31.5% of executive and senior management roles were held by women, compared to just 13.2% across the wider music industry, per data from the USC Annenberg Inclusion Initiative.

Among artists, 23.1% of active artists at the labels were women, and 41.8% of all artist projects involved women. By comparison, the Counting the Music Industry study, which looked at gender representation at more than 200 UK labels, found that 20% of musicians engaged in recordings were female.

“This report highlights a notably higher level of gender equity in leadership among the participating labels, while acknowledging that further progress can still be made,” ORCA said.Music Business Worldwide

Control over Rafah Crossing: Gaza

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NewsFeed

Gaza once had seven border crossings to the outside world. Now it has only two, and both are blocked by Israel, leaving two million people trapped two months into a negotiated ceasefire.

Client Challenge: A Test of Strength and Resilience

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Client Challenge



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Netflix is nearing a deal with Warner Bros, reports say

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Netflix is closing in on a deal to buy the film and streaming businesses of Warner Bros Discovery, according to multiple reports.

The streaming giant has emerged as the top bidder for Warner Bros ahead of rivals Comcast and Paramount Skydance after offering $28 (£21) per share, according to several outlets including Reuters and the New York Times.

Paramount made an initial bid to buy the whole company, including its cable networks such as CNN, for $24 a share in October which Warner Bros rejected before putting itself up for sale.

Paramount’s lawyers have questioned the “fairness and adequacy” of the sale process this week, in a letter seen by CNBC.

Paramount submitted a renewed bid for closer to $27 a share on Thursday, CNN reported.

Warner Bros owns franchises including Harry Potter and Game of Thrones, and the streaming service HBO Max.

Netflix, Warner Bros and Paramount have been approached for comment.

Emma Wall, chief investment strategist at Hargreaves Lansdown, said the takeover battle was a “drama for people who make drama”.

Speaking to BBC’s Today programme, she said it was key to note the difference between the Paramount and Netflix bids, pointing out that Paramount’s bid included the parts of Warner Bros business that have been “dragging on profitability”.

“Netflix bid is only for parts of the business, and those are the parts of the business that are doing well,” she said.

Ms Wall said Paramount had taken an unusual step of accusing Warner Bros of favouring Netflix in the process. Paramount also said the streaming platform’s offer was not as good a deal for Warner Bros shareholders because it would require the break up of the business.

“You’re sort of tainting your offer if you go into a spat,” she said.

According to CNBC, Paramount’s lawyers accused Warner Bros of undertaking “a myopic process with a predetermined outcome that favors a single bidder”.

Whichever company buys Warner Bros, Ms Wall said the US competition regulator was likely to get involved.

“Whether Netflix is successful in this part bit or indeed paramount comes back for more, this will create a global mega power in broadcast entertainment which the regulator will want to look at,” she said.

Tom Harrington, head of television at Enders Analysis, said it was hard to gauge whether the deal would win regulatory approval, but if it went through it would have a massive impact on cinema.

“Were it to go through it would reorient Hollywood, with a streamer acquiring a business much of which it is existentially the antithesis of – Netflix has always had some limited use for the cinema but generally its offering undermines it,” he said.

Mr Harrington said there was likely to be “big reductions” in television and film output from a merged entity, which would lead to resistance to the move from parts of Hollywood and relevant unions.

“HBO, the creative jewel, would be terribly exposed within Netflix, although it has survived difficult owners for a lot of its existence,” he said.

For consumers, Mr Harrington said a merger was likely to lead to higher costs.

“Netflix would get more expensive and even though HBO Max would be shuttered/become non-essential, the greater penetration of Netflix households would likely mean an increase in total overall subscription revenues.”